_       __  _____  __   _ __    ___    ____  _ __    ___
   ' )   / / ')  /    /  ) ' )  )  /   )    /   ' )  )  /   )
    / / / /  /  /    /--/   /  /  / ___    /     /  /  / ___
   (_(_/ (__/  (    /  (_  /  (_ (___/ '__/_    /  (_ (___/ '       O
      ____   _    ,  ___   _    , ___                           O   o   O
       /    ' )  /  /   ) ' )  / /   '                        O     o     O
      /      /-<   /       /--/ /--    VOLUME 04, ISSUE 020  O o o     o o O
   __/_     /   ) (___/   /  ( (___,       18 May 1996        O     o     O
                                                                O   o   O
      K A N O H E D A    A N I Y V W I Y A                          O
                   ( N A T I V E    A M E R I C A N   N E W S )
   This issue contains articles from TRIBALLAW, MINN-IND, INNU People Forum,
   NATCHAT & NATIVE-L listservers; Newsgroups:alt.native,soc.culture.native;
                               UUCP & Genie email

 Articles appearing have been previously posted for public dissemination
 and/or permission for inclusion has been secured.
 Letters of authorization are on file.  A list of those granting permission
 to repost their words in this issue are listed at the end of part A.
 I thank each of you for allowing your words to be shared with the people.
               <----<<<<                           >>>>---->
   This newsletter is a way of keeping the brothers and sisters who share our
 Spirit informed about current events within the lives of those who walk the
 Red Road.

   Thanks to Don Rayment ,don.rayment@uptowne.com, Wotanging Ikche/
   Kanoheda Aniyvwiya is being redistributed via a listserver.
   If you would like to receive Wotanging Ikche via the listserver,
   you can send a message to listserv@uptowne.com and include, in the
   body of your message "sub wotanging.ikche <your email address>"

    Thanks to Marc Becker and David Cole issues of Wotanging Ikche/
    Kanoheda Aniyvwiya are being archived at a World-Wide-Web site.

    The URL is http://web.maxwell.syr.edu/nativeweb/journals/nanews

    "...trailed the Indians with dogs, cornered them in a cave and killed
     about thirty.  In the cave were some Indian children.  Kingsley
     could not bear to kill these children with his 56-calibre Spencer
     Rifle.  It tore them up so bad!  So he did it with his 38-calibre
     Smith & Wesson revolver"
    __ Sacramento Valley Report, 1878
    "When the last Red Man shall have perished, and the memory of my tribe
     shall have become a myth among the white man, these shores will swarm
     with the invisible dead of my tribe, and when your children's children
     think themselves alone in the field, the store, the shop, or in the
     silence of the pathless woods, they will not be alone."
    __ Chief Seathl (Seattle), Dwamish

  +- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -+
  |   Indian Pledge of Allegiance   |      The  Indian Pledge of Alleg-
  |                                 |      iance  was  first  presented
  | I pledge allegiance to my Tribe,|      on 2 December '93 during the
  |  to the democratic principles   |      opening  address of the Nat-
  |       of the Republic           |      ional Congress  of  American
  |  and to the individual freedoms |      Indian  Tribal-States Relat-
  |  borrowed from the Iroquois and |      ions Panel in Reno, NV. NCAI
  |      Choctaw Confederacies,     |      plans  distribution  of  the
  |  as incorporated in the United  |      Indian Pledge to all  Indian
  |       States Constitution,      |      Nations.
  |      so that my forefathers     |
  |   shall not have died in vain   |      Walk in Beauty!    Night Owl
  +- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -+

 O'siyo Brothers and Sisters!

   Boarding schools that were modeled after the Carlisle experiment scarred
 our children for life and cut the very root of the next of seven
 generations.  While such blatant and obvious schools no longer exist, the
 experiment continues damaging still more children.

   The Indian Child Welfare Act just was dealt a vicious blow with the
 passage of the HR 3286, the seemingly benevolent Adoption Promotion and
 Stability Act of 1996.  The House also voted 212-195 to Title III, the
 anti-ICWA amendments proposed by Rep. Deborah Pryce (R-OH).  This bill is
 not yet law, but given the recent assault on the I. C. W. A. with the
 easing of cross-cultural adoptions rules it seems destined to become
 law-of-the-land unless there is an immediate and strong protest.

   These assaults on our children, our future, our way will do more to kill
 much of who and what we are.  We must unite now to save our children.  They
 guard our future just as surely as we guard theirs.  We, alone, determine
 the circle we will see completed.

 Peace!  Night Owl

      , ,        Gary Night Owl                  gars@genie.geis.com
     (*,*)       P. O. Box 672168                    gars@netcom.com
     (`-')       Marietta, GA 30067, U.S.A.         gars@igc.apc.org
   ===w=w===

 ----------- News of the people featured in this issue ----------
 Part A: Usenet and e-mail                Part B: NATCHAT and NATIVE-L lists
 - CORRECTION! Cherokee Water Rights      - Conferences and Powwows - online
 - World Peace Prayer Day                 - Action Alert: Enola Hill
 - James Bay at 25: Boston Earth Day      - Innu Nation Task Force Report
 - Where are the People of the Lightning  - A Warrior's Story
 - Peltier Surgery Update                 - Breeds or Half-breeds
 - Cherokee Code: Skeleton Remains        - Hollywood Stars Blast Clearcuts
 - Sacred Day of Prayer
 - Spirit
 - More on Medals of Dis-Honor
 - ICWA Update
 - Chairman Urges Moratorium Support
 - Mohawk Language Learning Materials
 - Celebration of West Coast Fisheries
 - Poem: My Medicine Stick
 - Verse: Hawai'ian Book of Days
 - Conferences and Powwows - offline

 --------- "RE: CORRECTION! Cherokee Nation Water Rights" ---------

 Date: 13 May 1996 15:08:44 GMT
 From: brunner@bullhead.think.com (Eric Brunner)
 Subj: Cherokee Nation Water Rights Correction

   Newsgroups: alt.native,soc.culture.native

   On April 29, Linda Summerfield <cwyob@mailhost.galstar.com> posted an
 article originally written by Muskogee Phoenix Staff Writer Donna Hales, on
 the subject of Cherokee Nation Water Rights and the City of Tulsa, based in
 some part by statements made by Cherokee National Councilor Barbara Starr
 Scott. On April 30 I followed-up to Ms. Summers' post, commenting that I
 would forward her post of Ms. Hales' original text to the triballaw mailing
 list. On 1 May there was a response to the underlying statements contained
 in Ms. Hales' Muskogee Phoenix article, which was forwarded to the triballaw
 mailing list by the list owner. I posted that triballaw traffic to the news
 groups in which the original Muskogee Phoenix article was posted: s.c.n/a.n.
 later that same day.
   So much for context.
   At the request of Dan Agent, Public Affairs Director, Cherokee Nation, I am
 relaying the following statement:
    I, Dan Agent, public affairs director for the Cherokee Nation, did not
    draft, participate in the drafting, author, authorize, approve, review
    or send the above-referenced "statement ... regarding the statements made
    over the weekend [April 26 & 27] by Council woman Barbara Star[r]-Scott
    regarding the Nation's bid for water rights."

    Please remove my name, address and phone number as the contact person for
    the above-referenced message.

   The text (indented above) is verbatim as received by fax, on official
 letterhead, and I've just spoken with Mr. Agent to confirm the text and
 his desire that this disclaimer be distributed where ever the original text
 from cnation1@aol.com was distributed.
   The usual disclaimer may need being made more evident than customary usage,
 so I do not speak for Thinking Machines Corporation, only for myself as an
 individual person.

 A cancel post has been posted. Reference:
  ~Newsgroups: control
  ~Subject: cmsg cancel <4m8k3t$4nk@bone.think.com>
  ~Control: cancel <4m8k3t$4nk@bone.think.com>
  ~Date: 13 May 1996 14:31:56 GMT
 --
 Kitakitamatsinohpowaw (I'll see you again),    --Eric Brunner

 --------- "RE: World Peace Prayer Day" ---------

 Date: Thu, 9 May 1996 07:14:50 -0400
 From: FBluFox@aol.com
 Subj: June 21, 1996 World Peace Prayer Day

   UUCP email

 My Friends:
 As the June 21 date grows near, I felt that this information should go out
 once again.
 Mitakye 'Oasin
 Freddie Blue Fox

 A Message from Arvol Looking Horse, 19th Generation Keeper of the Sacred
 White Buffalo Pipe:
     A CALL TO ALL NATIONS OF THE WORLD; WORLD PEACE AND PRAYER DAY
                     GLOBAL HEALING, JUNE 21, 1996
    It has been decided, according to our Star Knowledge, that June 21st is
 the time to pray.  Indigenous Peoples of Turtle Island have begun their
 spiritual journey on horseback from Prince Albert Saskatchewan, Canada to
 Grey Horn Butte (known as Devil's Tower) in the Black Hills of Wyoming.
 There, Indigenous Peoples will pray with the Sacred Bundle Keepers,.  All
 Nations are asked to begin organizing their ceremonies at their Sacred sites
 or in the manner which they pray so that they will be praying at the same
 time as we are from their own Spiritual Center.
    Arvol Looking Horse, 19th Generation Keeper of the Sacred White Buffalo
 Calf Pipe for the Lakota, Dakota and Nakota Nation, asks that all Nations
 upon Mother Earth declare June 21st, 1996 World Peace Prayer Day.  According
 to Spiritual Leaders and Elders who gathered at the United Nations to present
 their Prophesies, and again at Six Nations, Canada, the "Signs" of Indigenous
 Peoples Prophesies have shown themselves.  The Prophesies tell us it is time
 to begin Mending the Sacred Hoop, and begin global healing by working towards
 World Peace and Harmony.
    The birth of the White Buffalo Calf lets us know that we are at a
 crossroads -either return to balance or face global disaster.  It is our
 duty to return back to the Sacred places and pray for world peace.  If we
 don't do this our children will suffer.
    At Grey Horn Butte, before the White Buffalo Woman brought the Sacred Pipe
 to our ancestors, a Seer was traveling in the Sacred Black Hills (Paha Sapa),
 "heart of everything that is".  The seer came upon a large tipi.  When he
 went into the tipi he saw the Sacred Pipe in the North and the Sacred Bundle
 of Bows and Arrows in the South.  According to the Star Knowledge, there are
 six stars which designated six Sacred sites within the Black Hills-these
 places are Sacred places to pray.  We are told that there is a Sacred place
 every hundred miles around Mother Earth.  We ask all people to return to
 these places and pray from their hearts with us.  The ceremony begins at
 10:00AM South Dakota (mountain time).
    We have spoken to leaders from around the world and each has committed to
 work towards supporting June 21st, 1966.  We ask all people of all Faiths to
 respond and support our efforts towards world peace and harmony-our circle
 of life where there is no ending and no beginning.  We are fulfilling the
 prophesies for the seventh generation.

 May peace be with you, all my relations,
 Arvol Looking Horse
 19th Generation Keeper of the Sacred White Buffalo Pipe

 UNITY RIDE '96
    The Ride left Wahpeton, Saskatchewan, Canada on May 3rd.  It will arrive
 at Grey Buffalo Horn Butte on June 19th.  For more information about the
 Ride or about June 21, 1996 World Peace Prayer Day you may contact:

 Central Office                             Paula Horn
 Avis Little Eagle                          fax: 612 695-2678
 605-355-0208
 Elizabeth Stinson                          Betsy Stang
 707 829-3443                               E-Mail: BEBIRD @AOL.COM
                                            (914) 679-9764
 Peter McAurthor
 Pheasant Run Band office                  Henry Sky Water
 306 462-2002                               204 568-4682

 Connie Burditt                             Bonnie Freeman
 715 682-1366  682-1340 or 682-1691         fax: 905 540-8443

 Beatrice Looking Horse                     Gladys Looking Horse
 605 964-7229                               605 964-8439

 DONATIONS ARE GREATLY APPRECIATED

 --------- "RE: James Bay at 25: Boston Earth Day" ---------

 Date: 10 May 96 19:42:15 EDT
 From: Ann Stewart <75361.1143@CompuServe.COM>
 Subj: James Bay at 25: Boston Earth Day

   UUCP email

 No Thank Q, Hydro-Quebec!
 Ann Stewart, The Nation [Montreal], 10 May 96, p5
   Twenty-five years ago, on April 30, 1971, Quebec Premier Robert Bourassa
 announced the "project of the century," and thus began the construction of
 North America's largest hydroelectric project.
   When Quebec's current premier, Lucien Bouchard, announced this March
 that the government would "study" whether to build a new dam on the
 Eastmain River, Cree supporters in New England went into action.
   On Aril 27, the thousands of people who attended Boston's annual Earth
 Day rock concert and environmental festival had the opportunity to learn
 about the James Bay projects.
   "We want to remember what has been done in our name to the land, the
 waters and the people," said Jane Taylor, president of the Massachusetts
 Save James Bay Foundation. "New England gets up to 10 percent of its
 electricity from the James Bay projects."
   Members of the group No Thank Q, Hydro-Quebec, of Maine, assisted with
 the Massachusetts outreach. Cyndi Luppi of the Massachusetts organization
 designed a colorful banner with the slogan, "James Bay 25 Years," which
 was signed by hundreds of people.
   "Sweden believes in you, keep up the fight," wrote one man. "Eastmain
 (Phase II) Don't Do It!!" wrote another woman.
   Other signers included a Dartmouth College graduate who was active in
 the 1992 campaign to divest the college of its Hydro-Quebec bonds, several
 Canadians, a Latino family and many children who drew the earth or hearts
 around their signatures.
   Massachusetts Save James Bay has set up an E-mail address (cree@world.
 std.com) to collect letters of support for the Cree Nation. Already, they
 have received correspondence from Brazil, many Canadian provinces and
 several U.S. states.
   The banner was mailed to the Cree Nation Embassy in Ottawa [note: it is
 now hanging there] with a letter, asking if it could be displayed at the
 next Cree Nation annual general assembly.

 --------- "RE: Where are the People of the Lightning" ---------

 Date: Sat, 11 May 1996 10:46:59 -0700 (PDT)
 From: cherokee@wolfenet.com
 Subj: Where are the People of the Lightning?

   UUCP email

    Today, near our Sacred Holy City of New Echota...our Sacred sites..our
 ancient hills...my heart speaks to me to sit with you around our Sacred
 fire and share with you my concern...continued desecration of our Sacred
 sites and burial areas.
    I must first go back and tell you of our spiritual beliefs for you to
 understand the seriousness of this issue. We believe that to disturb the
 remains of our buried ancestors is to bring them back from their Journey
 on the other side...to forever bind them away from their Sacred place of
 eternity..and there is no Sacred ceremony known to First Nations that can
 restore them back to that place.
    I know I have spoken to you before..of the 162 bodies taken off the
 Nasa site near Wendover Pond, where Nasa is expanding construction
 efforts...but our People are still missing..still unaccounted for..and I
 am sorely tempted to use the term Missing in Action were it not for the
 brevity of this situation, because I consider this a war waged against our
 People...a kidnapping of our Ancestors..and I ask you to please hear this
 strongly.
    Michael and Kathy Gear, Archaeologists, were contracted by NASA to
 examine remains of 162 Ancient People found at Wendover Pond on their
 property.  After examination, the Grears stated that the bodies were so
 well preserved that the actual brain matter could even still be seen,
 which causes me to envision perfectly preserved ancient ancestors.  They
 stated they had "extracted" DNA tests on organs and they were not
 "Genetically descendants of any FEDERALLY RECOGNIZED TRIBES and therefore
 do not fall under the protection of the NAGPRA Act."
    EXCUSE ME?!
    Can anybody tell me if their DNA has been taken to prove this? I would
 also like to point out that the "federally recognized" tribes are
 dwindling daily...and while many of First Nations are still alive and
 well, despite federal government opinion, they are not "legal and
 recognized"...however many centuries they have existed...
    If the Grears do not "recognize" the People of the Lightning..let
 please, this humble Tsalagi woman tell you who they are...
    They are known as Apalachee or Timuca People...They lived with us many
 thousands of years ago...WHen the Chattahoochee River leaves Georgia and goes
 into Florida it changes to the Apalachee-Cola river and then flows on to
 the ocean...The name changes when it runs into the region of tribal lands
 of the Apalachee area.
    During the Revolutionary War...302 Apalachees were listed on a Registry
 and were surviving in the extreme of South Georgia...as were the Calusa,
 along the Atlantic Coastal side of the Florida Peninsula..George Catlin
 drew pictures of the Calusa and Timuca people in that region in the
 1800's.
   Now...to the present....
   If you go to Course hole #3 at Hamilton Mill Community Golf Course in
 Gwinnet County, Georgia, you'll find hundreds of our People's gravestones
 taken from the Hamilton Mill Subdivision during development, removed..and
 taken to the golf course for landscaping...We have picture of them in
 piles as they were removed (which we'll get up on the homepage as soon as
 Fred figures out Netscape).  Hispanic workers there have confirmed their
 origin.
    I could write pages of similar incidents but it appears by the amount
 of mail I'm receiving that others are covering the issue of our sites
 being desecrated,so you are understanding what is happening.
    No one can tell me where the bodies are of those 162 People of the
 Lightning..I want to know where they're being kept hostage.  I promise you
 I shall NOT be quiet until I know where they are.  If anyone knows anybody
 in NASA...or one who might tell us where to find our People...please let
 me know..
    Please put out on your respective maillists I am looking for our
 People...I want them accounted for...I want to know who is responsible for
 this thing.
    I have been told the Grears are writing a book for profit on their
 discovery..please let me know if anyone knows if its been published yet.
 The thought of someone keeping our People and profiting by it sickens me.
    The People of the Lightning were living, human beings once..a nation
 of People who lived as we live now..Yes, they are extinct...yes they are
 not federally recognized because there is no one LEFT to lobby for their
 rights..to stand and speak for them..But does this mean they deserve, no
 less than the most respectful, Sacred treatment of any recognized tribal
 burial today? Does this exclude them from being honored?
    "You may look back at what has been done to us in the history of our
 People, Brekah...and be assured it shall be repeated again in the
 future..guard well..keep vigilant for it.  For only by giving the warnings
 to others and preparing them...might they have a chance to be safe
 themselves someday."  A Sacred elder...
    *offers sage and tobacco to the Grandfathers...walks backwards 7 steps
 in honor of our 7 Sacred clans who are still betrayed*

 --------- "RE: Peltier Surgery Update" ---------

 Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 12:04:37 -0700
 From: Wanbli Sapa <icabu@IX.NETCOM.COM>
 Subj: Peltier Surgery Update

 Mailing List:    Minnesota Indian Affairs <MINN-IND@vm1.spcs.umn.edu>

 At 01:51 PM 5/4/96 CDT, Peltier Defense Committee wrote:
 PELTIER SURGERY UPDATE:
   On Friday, May 3rd, Leonard once again went into surgery for jaw work.
 He experienced some complications during surgery and as a result he lost a
 lot of blood.  Leonard spent a day and a half in intensive care, and this
 experience nearly cost him his life.
   Fortunately, Leonard seems to be recovering fine now.  He had a fellow
 inmate call us this morning to inform us what had happened.  Although he can
 hardly speak, he did manage a few words of encouragement to Lisa.
 Please DO NOT contact the prison, but stay in touch with us.  And please
 send much needed words of support to Leonard at:
 Leonard Peltier
 #89637-132
 Springfield Medical Facility
 1900 W. Sunshine
 P.O. Box 4000
 Springfield, MO 65808
 >
 All of us who are concerned with Leonard MUST use this near tragedy to
 strengthen and intensify our fight for his immediate release.  Leonard must
 be able to walk as a free man again.
 Wanbli Sapa (Black Eagle)
 (Lakota Ikche Wichasha)
 One Earth, One Life Endeavors
 icabu@ix.netcom.com
 |><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|
 Appalled by the denigrating poverty of my people, who live on a richly
 endowed land, distressed by  their political marginalization and economic
 strangulation, angered by the devastation of their land, their ultimate
 heritage, anxious to preserve their right to life, and to a decent living,
 and determined to usher to this country as a whole a fair and just
 democratic system which protects everyone and every ethnic group and gives
 us all a valid claim to human civilization, I have devoted my intellectual
 and material resources, my very life, to a cause in which I have total
 belief and from which I cannot be blackmailed or intimidated.
    -Ken Saro-Wiwa, executed Nov. 10, 1995, by Nigerian Government.
 |><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|><|
                   http://www.pobox.com/~jsd/WKmasscre.html
                               Wounded Knee Web Page
                (compliments of the First Nations/First People Web Page)
               First Nations/First Peoples Issues (4 Star Magellan site)
                     http://www.pobox.com/~jsd/firstnations.html

 --------- "RE: Cherokee Code: Skeleton Remains" ---------

 Date: Sat, 11 May 1996 09:30:42 -0700 (PDT)
 From: cherokee@wolfenet.com
 Subj: Cherokee Code Chapter 70 Skeleton Remains

   UUCP email

               CHEROKEE CODE CHAPTER 70: SKELETAL REMAINS
 Chapter 70
 Skeletal Remains
 70-1 Excavation of Skeletal Remains
   (a) The graves of Cherokee People and their ancestors are Sacred and shall
 not be disturbed or excavated.
   (b) In the Event skeletal remains of a Cherokee are excavated, such remains
 shall be reburied, together with all associated grave artifacts as soon as
 reasonable possible.  All such remains disinterred outside Cherokee trust
 lands shall be reburied at the Cherokee Memorial Cemetery in Vonore,
 Tennessee.
   (c) The remains of Cherokee People shall not be subjected to destructive
 skeletal analysis
   70-2  Sanctity of Ancestors who are Buried Throughout The Aboriginal
 Cherokee Lands
   The joint policy of the Tribal Council of the Cherokee Nation and the
 Eastern Band of Cherokee:
   (a) The graves of our ancestors are Sacred and we desire that they not
 be disturbed.
   (b) In the event the remains of Cherokee ancestors are excavated, such
 remains shall be reburied together with all associated grave artifacts, as
 soon as shall be reasonable.
   (c) The remains of Cherokee ancestors shall not be subjected to
 destructive skeletal analysis.
   (d) The remains of Cherokee ancestors and associated grave artifacts
 which have been disinterred and are now in possession of museums,
 universities, federal agencies or other institutions and persons, should be
 returned to the proper tribes for reburial.
   (e) Such remains shall be buried at the original site where possible.

 --------- "RE: Sacred Day of Prayer" ---------

 Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 16:28:39 -0700 (PDT)
 From: cherokee@wolfenet.com
 Subj: Sacred Day of Prayer

   UUCP email

 O'siyo...
    On May 24th we will gather together to begin Sacred fire and prayer in
 the Holy City of New Echota, Georgia, off Interstate 75.
    We shall meet in the Front Parking Area in the front of the Historic
 Site at 4PM-5PM. Prayer Vigil starts at sunset on the 24th of May and end
 the 25th at sunset.
    For those of you who are not aware, this is the date that the Georgia
 State Militia began removing our Ancestors from their Sacred homes and we
 plan to honor their memories and inform the world of the disgrace done to
 our People in the hopes that it shall never be done again to any others in
 First Nations.
    There is a good chance we may have to relocate from where we plan to
 pray which is there on the grounds of the State Historic Site.  They may
 not allow us to stay because the State does not allow Prayer in their
 schools or on State Owned Historic Sites (so they say).
    An Elder within one block of the site, has given us permission to move
 to her property if they insist on our moving.
    We can bring tents to camp with.  Each person bring their own overnight
 food and of course please think of sharing with others.
    Traditional casting Sacred circle and all pipe carriers are asked to
 join a Sacred circle of pipe prayers with us.
    For any information please call my friend, Olivia, at 770-931-3131.
 I shall be there and hopefully shall meet some in this circle as we join
 our hands and hearts in remembrance.

 --------- "RE: Spirit" ---------

 Date: Sun, 12 May 1996 10:08:17 -0700 (PDT)
 From: cherokee@wolfenet.com
 Subj: Spirit

   UUCP email

 "Suffering is only letting go of things that don't work anymore.  On the
 other side of suffering is belief."
    Don Coyhis, Mohican Writer and Consultant..American Indian
    One of the hardest lessons in life, I think, is letting go of the
 things that we cannot change in our pasts.  Sometimes we will go back in
 the years and remember those mistakes we have made and which we have not
 let go.  In the doing of this thing we stop our evolution...our growing
 process...and we cause ourselves great suffering.
    Someone once told me..."As an Indian I make about 25 mistakes a
 day....what great gifts."  I knew what he meant was that we reflect daily
 on what we have done..mistakes we have made..and learn from them,
 hopefully...and so..by making many, we have to go back and undo them..and
 one learns quickly from that..not to do it again.
    Some of you may not know that within this circle is a men's circle..off
 7 men who have joined together in the old tradition of sitting around and
 tending the Sacred fire...and sharing their hearts.  They have each other
 on a mail list so I receive everything that are talking of, in Sacred
 manner.  One of the things I have watched from this is their sharing of
 their pasts...openly...and without hesitation...and from this thing, each
 learns..In this then, is what I speak of...sharing, teaching from our
 mistakes and moving on...
     Each person in this circle by sharing their hearts..needs..words..with
 others thus, gives great gifts...and participates in a circle of life that
 native people have done for countless time...By laying our your
 suffering..you move on then...
    The other day, Olivia and I were driving up to the Qualla
 Boundary..through the beautiful ancient hills of the Blue Ridge mountains
 and we were reflecting on the ancient ways...Olivia (who is a great Sacred
 teacher and my friend) said..."You know, its very hard to teach all of
 this to our students isn't it? Sometimes I don't know where to begin for I
 have to take them all the way back..to take them full circle..to get them
 to understand it all."  I nodded...and reflected how we both have seen a
 pattern emerging now..that many come to go back...to learn the Sacred
 honorable ways which encompasses far more than stories..or lessons....and
 is a way of life that one must walk...forever...
    We drove...and pointed out to Fred (who is here for the summer to learn
 from us both)...the places of our People...and told him the stories of a
 Nation who walked their honor...who lived it...and sadly today, many have
 forgotten.  I told Olivia I think there is hope...I believe in the Dream
 of One People..One World..and she nodded in agreement..
    We spoke of how we all receive messages and gifts daily...and how in
 our lives of rushing we miss them.  I smiled, as I watched my friend
 speaking to Fred and telling him how, when one first hears the whipperwill
 it is our message from Creator that winter is over...spring is here..and I
 wonder if those little things...those things we were taught will get
 passed on..to future generations and I pray it shall be so...
    Olivia and I have agreed....and I told Gary Night Owl the other day...we
 are going to release all that we both know...she from the Eastern
 Nations..me from the Western...Olivia and I are going to sit next week and
 type in everything we have been taught...and upload it on disk...and
 release it all...The significance of this is that there are teachings in
 it of the Kutani's...the Keetoowahs...the traditional things that few
 remember..
    It was not a easy decision...and much prayer was involved..but we both
 believe..as Arvol has sent out the call to all Pipe Carriers...THIS is the
 year..THIS is the year for international healing..to open our hearts to
 all Nations to Heal Mother...It must be so...for more reasons than I am
 allowed to share with you now.
    I want you to understand...there are two factions in our
 Nations...Political and Spiritual...Modernists/Progressives and those
 who are traditionals...who teach the old ways...I belong to the later..as
 does Olivia.  Sometimes it is very hard to live this...sighs...but it is
 the only way, I think, to fit one's life into the Creator's plan.
    So....forgive my ramblings today..but so many things have happened
 that I want to share with you...
    Jim Beer, a outstanding, spiritual NA Musician/composer is coming to
 Atlanta to give his heart and music to our video series for you.  He is
 meeting with Rainbow Walker and Winterhawk in the recording studio and I
 am to meet with them also...and is giving his music to be recorded as his
 gift to the Nations..ALL People...You may recall that he is the one who
 wrote the music for Leonard's cause.
    Two days ago, a Sacred man came into my life...from the Qualla
 Boundary..Father John...A priest there...He shared with me a story I would
 speak to you about...and beg your patience for the length of this...
    I stood and smiled in my heart as I listened to this man...a bundle of
 enthusiasm..energy...and light...talk rapidly of all the things he has
 been given in his life.  He is the first Priest I have met who is a Pipe
 Carrier and observes the old ways...I am intrigued and fascinated as I
 listen to him...
    He tells me how he has struggled up there..to keep the church
 alive..and just when his heart was down and he was thinking of asking the
 Bishop to allow him to move out, he went to New York to meet with his
 church leaders..Upon arriving in the Cathedral there to meet with them,
 suddenly the Bishop saw the pipe he carries everywhere...and asked
 permission to see it...The Bishop took it..walked directly up to the altar
 there..offered it up exactly in the correct way...and blessed it..Father
 John was stunned to see he knew the ceremonial way to handle the pipe in
 ceremony...
     The next day...Father John received a call to return there...Thinking
 he had done something wrong..he was very apprehensive as he arrived..
    The Bishop asked him to sit down...He said, "Father John...you know
 that plan you sent us years ago..about those 17 acres in the mountains
 where you wanted to build a church for All People to come and worship?"
 Father John looked down and said.."Yes, it has been my Dream..." The
 Bishop gently smiled and said, "Father..you have stood fast in the faith
 for the People there...Not only are we going to build you a church..we're
 building you a $7 Million Dollar Cathedral Complex there."
    *smiles softly*
    Within this Cathedral complex will be places for people who are
 homeless and in pain to come...of all nations..
    As I stood there, smiling as he said to me.."I believe the Dream
 Brooke...", I looked into the eyes of this Dreamer..of a different
 religious belief..but who has found the way to enjoin both...and I was so
 proud to stand in his presence. He told me that on the day they'll open
 their doors to consecrate their holy grounds..he has asked native
 singers/dancers/drummer to come and dance down the aisles...and how he
 designed it to be of a native setting...
    As Olivia and I drove back through the mountains...I looked over those
 hills and reminded her of Beloved Woman...how she had always dreamed of
 this thing...peace...of the enjoining of all beliefs by the Dreamers of
 the World...and Olivia smiled at me and said..."She Believed the Dream."
    And so....today, when many of you might be downhearted..holding  onto
 that in the past which you feel so bad about...I say to you...learn from
 it..and let it go...move on...For Believing is participation in life..and
 only when we participate are we in touch with the Spiritual...
    Fred sort of summed it up for us as we came home.."You know what?
 Nobody would believe all of this....how things connect..how every single
 thing is for purpose to build a web...Its AWESOME.."
   *smiles*  Yes....it is.....

 --------- "RE: More on Medals of Dis-Honor" ---------

 Date: 11 May 1996 00:36:38 GMT
 From: ggg9@ix.netcom.com(Gerald Green)
 Subj: More on Medals of Dis-Honor

 Newsgroup: alt.native

 Date line WASHINGTON April 28, 1996 From the Associated Press.
   "Five decades after they served, seven black war heros are in line to
 get the Medal of Honor, Americas highest military decoration.
   The names of the seven, who served in World War II, have been sent to
 President Clinton, who said the honors are long overdue.
   'The president believes there are honors that should have been bestowed
 a long time ago,' Deputy White House Press Secretary Ginny Terzano said
 Saturday. 'It's doing the right thing to give the Medal of Honor to them
 now.'
   U.S. News & World Report says in its May 6 issue, on newsstands Monday,
 (4-29-96) that the combat records of the seven nominees met the standards
 of a special Army Senior Officers Awards Board. The nominees were
 identified in a 15-month study conducted by a team of military historians
 assembled by Shaw University in Raleigh, N.C. the magazine reported. The
 list also has been forwarded to Congress, which must waive the time limit
 for awarding World War II medals. It expired in 1952. The waivers are
 included in the fiscal 1997 defense authorization bill.
   The nominees are: . . . . .[it is not my intention to interfere with the
 awarding of these medals or to embarrass these men]
   The team of historians reviewed the nation's archives and interviewed
 veterans to find out why no blacks received any of the 432 Medals of Honor
 given to World War II soldiers. Nine blacks received the second-highest
 honor, the Distinguished Service Cross."
  +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
   On December 29, 1890 over 260 Lakota civilians were murdered near
 Wounded Knee Creek South Dakota, by members of the United States Army.
   Twenty of these soldiers were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.
   My name is Jerry Green, and I have spent the past few years researching
 the Medals of Honor given to twenty U.S. soldiers for their actions in the
 Massacre. Many people consider me a leading authority on these medals.
 Please see my article at http://www.netgate.net/~jsd/GreenIntro.html also
 see http://www.onr.com/user/jdc
   I can state unequivocally these awards were not deserved, even by the
 standards in place at that time. All the evidence points to an attempted
 cover-up by the Army, assisted by other branches of the Federal government.
 There could be no doubt in the mind of any reasonable person to whom the
 fact are known, that these medals were not deserved.
   To have such and honor bestowed on these murderers for killing women and
 children causes Indian people to doubt the sincerity of every thing the
 government does. The alienation felt by Native peoples of this country can
 never be alleviated until these medals are rescinded. At some point we
 must begin the healing process.
   To white Americans who are aware of the situation these medals represent
 what is worst in our society. As a veteran of our fiasco in South-East
 Asia in the 1960s I knew a great many men who were much more deserving of
 honor than the twenty at Wounded Knee. The lucky ones escaped with their
 lives, and not much more. To me, and these men, the Congressional Medals
 of Honor awarded for Wounded Knee represent a slap in the face. Our
 country dis-honors itself with these awards.
   I realize rescinding these twenty medals could open a political Pandoras
 box.  Others may come forward and question the validity of other awards.
 But, Wounded Knee was not a battle where two armed groups of fighting men
 opposed each other. It was well armed United States Army troops opening
 fire on a group of unresisting, unarmed, civilians whose only crime was
 the practice of religion. Therefore, the medals can be rescinded without
 undue controversy.
   There is a national movement with the goal of having those twenty medals
 rescinded. If the government can go back fifty years to award the medal,
 why can't they go back 106 years to rescind some?
   Please join with us and help get these medals rescinded. If YOU will
 take a few minutes to write your congressional representatives, and ask
 two friends to do the same.(Note you can find congressional email
 addresses at http://thomas.loc.gov/) Perhaps we can earn a measure of
 justice for the Lakota people, and Americans of all colors. These medals
 are not only an insult to the Native Peoples of this nation, but to all of
 us. Please feel free to call write or email my if you have any questions
 or if I can provide you with additional information.
 Thank you,
 Jerry Green
 240 Derby Drive
 Fayetteville, Ga. 30215-5703
 770-461-2801
 ggg9@ix.netcom.com

 --------- "RE: ICWA Update" ---------

 Date: Fri, 10 May 1996 19:26:43 -0700 (PDT)
 From: Alan Mandell <itcn@itcn.org>
 Subj: ICWA Update

 Mailing List:    TRIBALLAW (triballaw@thecity.sfsu.edu)

   ADOPTION BILL INCLUDES ICWA AMENDMENTS NCAI LEGISLATIVE BULLETIN
 LB-5/10/96-13 Today, the House of Representatives concluded its action on
 HR 3286, the Adoption Promotion and Stability Act of 1996 and voted
 212-195 to Title III, the anti-ICWA amendments proposed by Rep. Deborah
 Pryce (R-OH).  If enacted into law, these amendments will determine the
 ability of Indian Tribes to determine membership and will remove the right
 of Tribes to intervene in decisions involving Indian children.  Make no
 mistake -- these amendments are a direct threat to Tribal Governments
 across the nation.
   By this action, determination as to Tribal membership and affiliation
 which formerly rested with the Tribes will be made by State courts.  The
 amendments also interject new considerations into the determination of who
 is a Tribal member, and would prohibit retroactive Tribal membership.
   The Tribal position was argued by Chairman Don Young (AK) with assistance
 from Rep. Richardson (NM), Camp (MI), Kildee (MI), Furse (OR), Bereuter
 (NE), Kennedy (RI), and Boehlert (NY).
   The Administration, through the Office of Management and Budget (OMB),
 released a Statement of Administration Policy, date 9 May 1996, denouncing
 Title III of the adoption bill by stating that:
          "[t]hese provisions raise serious concerns... they impinge on
          Indian tribal sovereignty, including the right of Tribal courts to
          determine internal Tribal relations."
   The Senate is the next step for the adoption legislation. Any developments
 on the adoption legislation will be disseminated as they become know.  For
 further information contact Paul Moorhead or Leland McGee as (202)
 466-7767

 --------- "RE: Chairman Urges Moratorium Support" ---------

 Date: Wed, 08 May 1996 12:32:58 -0700 (PDT)
 From: Alice McCombs <amccombs@igc.apc.org>
 Subj: Chairman Urges Moratorium Support

 Newsgroup: alt.native

 May 8, 1996
 John Teller, Tribal Chairman
 Menominee Indian Tribe of Wisconsin

 Tribal Chairman Urges Wisconsin Legislators to Follow Constituents' Wishes
   (Keshena, WI)  Yesterday, by a 95 to 4 vote, the State Assembly passed
 a resolution to resurrect the Mining Moratorium bill, Assembly Bill
 758. The bill would prevent the Department of Natural Resources from
 permitting any metallic sulfide mine in Wisconsin until such a mine has
 operated elsewhere for 10 years and been reclaimed for 10 years without
 significant water contamination. The bill had been killed by
 Representative Mark Duff, chair of the Environmental Resources
 Committee, but is now revived by Joint Resolution 98, authored by
 Representative Spencer Black. The Senate will vote this afternoon on
 whether to concur with the resolution to revive the bill.
   "Yesterday's vote was a victory for Wisconsin citizens who care
 about clean water," said Keith Reopelle, Associate Director for
 Wisconsin's Environmental Decade. "The lopsided vote on this issue is
 extremely encouraging. Now the resolution goes to the Senate where
 we're hopeful it will pass."
   "The point of this bill is that Wisconsin shouldn't be Exxon's
 guinea pig -- let's prove this technology works before risking our
 drinking water, our lakes and our rivers," said Caryl Terrell,
 Legislative Coordinator for the John Muir Chapter of the Sierra Club.
 "That was the message of over 1000 people who traveled to Rhinelander
 last Saturday to protest the Exxon mine. People all over Wisconsin have
 flooded their legislators with calls and letters in support of the
 Mining Moratorium. The Assembly vote reflects the overwhelming will of
 Wisconsin citizens."
   "This is one huge step for mankind -- now we have to convince the
 Senate to advance the bill for the protection of Mother Earth," said
 Ken Fish, Director of Treaty Rights and Mining Impacts for the
 Menominee Tribe.
   When he was informed about the vote, Chairman Teller stated, "As we
 saw from yesterday's vote, our state Assembly has responded to the public
 outcry in opposition of sulfide mining in Wisconsin. For our children's
 future, we are hoping that the state Senate acts in a similar fashion
 to revive, and then pass, the Mining Moratorium."
 CALL YOUR WISCONSIN SENATOR! GET YOUR WISCONSIN FRIENDS, NEIGHBORS, AND
 FAMILY MEMBERS TO CALL THEIR WISCONSIN SENATOR.
 TELL WISCONSIN SENATORS:
 VOTE TO CONCUR WITH WISCONSIN LEGISLATORS TO REVIVE AB 758
 VOTE FOR THE MINING MORATORIUM, AB 758/SB 516
 If you don't know who your Wisconsin Senator is, call the legislative
 hotline toll-free: 1-800-362-9472. Leave a message with the operator
 for your Senator. Flood the Legislative fax line with messages
 supporting the Mining Moratorium: 1-608-226-7038.
 If you don't live in Wisconsin, flood this toll-free number with calls:
 1-800-361-9696.
 Tell the person who answers that a clean environment is important to
 you and you support AB 758/SB 516, the Mining Moratorium.
 Flood the Legislative fax line: 1-608-226-7038.
 Thanks in advance to everyone who helps with this.
 Menominee Nation Treaty Rights & Mining Impacts Office
 P.O. Box 910
 Keshena, WI 54135
 Ph: 715-799-5620/FX: 715-799-4525
 Email: nomining@keshena.wi.frontiercomm.net
 http://www.menominee.com/a-one/mccombs/home.htm

 --------- "RE: Mohawk Language Learning Materials" ---------

 Date: Thu, 9 May 1996 12:21:03 -0400
 From: "Harold P. Koehler" <hkoehler@EXECULINK.COM>
 Subj: Mohawk Language Learning Materials

 Mailing List:    Minnesota Indian Affairs <MINN-IND@vm1.spcs.umn.edu>

     MOHAWK LANGUAGE LEARNING MATERIALS       NOW AVAILABLE
                  Introductory Mohawk - Part I
   The first part of a three part language course, "Introductory Mohawk
 Language - Part I" is now complete and available.  It represents the first
 half of an introductory course called "Tsi Karhakta - At the Edge of the
 Woods" introducing and teaching the fundamentals of basic Mohawk.  In its
 entirety, the course is designed to teach the student the phonological and
 morphological aspects of Mohawk grammar enabling eventual fluency in the
 spoken language and proficiency in literary skills.  The materials are
 available as written texts, audio cassette tape recordings, or interactive
 CD-ROM technology (see description of materials which follows).  The
 materials may be purchased as a complete package containing 1 Teaching
 Text (including lexicon), 1 workbook (drill and translation exercises),
 complete set of cassette tapes covering materials in Teaching Text (except
 lexicon), and 1 CD-ROM VERSION of all materials covered in the texts
 (SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: MPC WINDOWS, 486+, 8M RAM, 2X CD-ROM).  text
 materials with accompanying audio cassettes may be purchased separately,
 as well as the CD-ROM VERSION.
   The course was developed under direction by David Maracle, Tyendinaga
 Mohawk, at The University of Western Ontario.
   ----------------//----------------//--------------------
   COMPLETE PACKAGE:                    $249.00 Cdn / $219.00 US
   CD-ROM VERSION                       $129.00 Cdn / $109.00 US
   TEXT MATERIALS & CASSETTES           $149.00 Cdn / $119.00 US
   Postage & handling                      $12.00 Cdn / $9.00 US
   Distributed by: KANYEN'KEHA BOOKS, Box 1234,
   Brantford ON N3T 5V6 Canada.
   Any C.O.D. orders may be placed through:
   KANYENKEHA@sscl.uwo.ca
   --------------//----------------------//------------------
                    DESCRIPTION OF MATERIALS
   MOHAWK LANGUAGE LEARNING COURSE
   Mohawk, a language spoken by descendants of a northeastern North
 American indigenous people of the Iroquoian group, is being prepared and
 presented for instructional purposes as a three part language learning
 program.  Parts I and II deal with all the major aspects of Mohawk
 grammar: phonology, morphology, and syntactic structures.  Part III will
 present various cultural themes, providing ample opportunities to increase
 vocabulary and cultural knowledge.  In order to make the language as
 available as possible to as many as are interested, the entire course will
 be available in three language learning segments or packages.  Each
 package will consist of: a teaching text (with a lexicon attached), a
 workbook (consisting of practice drills and translation exercises), an
 answer book for self correction purposes, a complete set of audio tapes
 based upon all materials covered in the text, and additional materials or
 texts to supplement the language learning process.  In addition to these
 materials, a CD-ROM providing an interactive presentation of all materials
 covered in the texts will be provided.  The three packages will be made
 available as soon as they are complete.
   INTRODUCTORY MOHAWK PART I
   The first part of the three part language learning course. Called,
 "Introductory Mohawk Language - Part I" is now complete and available.
 Called "Tsi Karhakta -At the Edge of the Woods," it represents the first
 part of an introductory level language acquisition program introducing and
 teaching the fundamentals of basic Mohawk.  The course, in its entirety,
 is designed to teach the student the phonological and morphological
 aspects of Mohawk grammar enabling eventual fluency in the spoken language
 and proficiency in literary skills.  The physical aspects of PART I will
 consist of the following materials.
    INTRODUCTORY MOHAWK LANGUAGE TEACHING TEXT
    This teaching grammar consists of 16 chapters with an appended lexicon
 of all the vocabulary used within the text. Each chapter is divided in
 sections, each of which deals with a particular aspect of Mohawk grammar
 and word use.  With each section is provided practice exercises (for
 pronunciation and word flow), drill exercises (to encourage data use and
 manipulation), and translation exercises (English to Mohawk and Mohawk to
 English).  The text, with the exception of the lexicon, is backed up by
 the audio cassette tapes.
   DRILLS AND TRANSLATION EXERCISES
   This is a workbook which accompanies the teaching grammar in accordance
 with the drills and translation exercises indicated in each section of
 each chapter.  The responses to the drills can be written directly into
 the book, however, the translation exercises (due to the size of the space
 needed for proper completion) will require the use of an additional
 writing book.  The entire workbook has been organized so that there will
 exist only one possible answer for each drill or exercise, providing the
 student follows the directions outlined in both the teaching text and the
 drill and translation exercise book.
   ANSWERS TO DRILLS AND TRANSLATION EXERCISES
   Here the student will find all the answers required for the Drill and
 Translation workbook.  The answers for the drills have been provided as
 they should appear in the workbook once completed by the student.
 Remember, the answer book is for correcting.
   AUDIO CASSETTE TAPES
   All of the materials covered in each section in each chapter, as well as
 the accompanying practice exercises, is provided on the cassette tapes.
 An additional tape is provided specifically for pronunciation practice of
 the vocabulary provided in the text.  None of the material provided in the
 Lexicon, however, is available on the cassette tapes due to the size of
 the material.
   MOHAWK LANGUAGE CD-ROM
   The CD-ROM version of "Introductory Mohawk - Part I" uses a totally
 interactive automated instructional approach. All language provided in the
 text presentation can be played for audio purposes enabling students to
 acquire new vocabulary and grammatical features.  It is also possible for
 students to tape record their own voices directly after each audio
 response as a part of a pronunciation comparison feature.  The lexicon,
 also audio-responsive, can be accessed at any time.  There are
 pronunciation practise exercises which provide both audio and written
 presentation of any new grammatical feature which co-occur with vocabulary
 already acquired.  Practice drills and translation exercises are presented
 in a fashion that allows the student to type in an answer which will be
 corrected by the program, allowing the students to evaluate their own
 progress as they go through each section and chapter.  There are also some
 supplementary presentations dealing with number and colour constructions.
   SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS: MPC WINDOWS, 486+, 8M RAM, 2X CD-ROM
   This information posted by:
                     HAROLD P. KOEHLER
                     43 NAPOLEON DRIVE
                      LONDON ON CANADA
                          N5V 4A8
 (519)453 5452, Fax 453-3676, E-mail hkoehler@execulink.com
      Home Page:   http://www.execulink.com/~hkoehler/

 --------- "RE: Celebration of West Coast Fisheries" ---------

 Date: 9 May 1996 06:04:46 GMT
 From: pmanuel@awinc.com (Phillip Manuel)
 Subj: Celebration of Aboriginal West Coast Fisheries

   Newsgroup: alt.native

   NEWS RELEASE    May 3, 1996   First Fish Ceremony

   MERRITT -- This year, for the first time ever, First Nations around the
 province are cooperating in holding a joint "First Fish Ceremony" Saturday,
 May 18, 1996 at the mouth of the Fraser River.
   The Tsawwassen First Nation will host the event, in conjunction with
 project coordinators; Leona Rabbitt and Vivian Narcisse of the Nicola
 Valley.  The First Fish Ceremony will take place at the Band
 Administration Complex on Tsawwassen land.  A map of the site is included
 with this release. People are encouraged to bring their own chairs, cups,
 plates and cutlery, and to be aware that lodging will not be provided.
   The event has received good support from First Nations along the Fraser
 watershed, from the Carrier-Sekani on the northern reaches of the river to
 the Coast Salish people at the mouth of the river.  Other groups such as
 the Nuu-chah-nulth on Vancouver Island and Interior Salish groups in the
 Okanagan-Similkameen and Washington State are also participating.
   The return of migratory salmon stocks to B.C.'s Fraser watershed was
 always a time of celebration for First Nations, signalling the end of
 winter and the return of an important source of food. The first fish to
 arrive were greeted with a ceremony, to show respect for the salmon and
 to ensure their continued abundance. As times changed and salmon stocks
 declined, the importance of these ceremonies was set aside in the
 memories of the people who once lived in harmony with the resource for
 their mutual survival. However, growing government and public recognition
 of First Nations' role in the conservation and enhancement of salmon has
 accompanied an extraordinary rebirth of once-neglected cultural and
 ceremonial activities along the watershed.
   Over 2000 people are expected to be there, and the project coordinators
 are working to raise up to $3000 in contributions. Donations and support
 are needed in the following areas:
   1.      Food and labour for the feast that will be part of the ceremony,
 especially skilled bannock makers. A list of required foods is available
 from the coordinators, but donations of wild game, potatoes, coffee,
 salad greens and fresh fruit are encouraged. The coordinators request
 that food donations be brought to the ceremony site early on May 18, 1996
 for preparation by the cooks.  Monetary donations for plates, cutlery and
 other items will also be gratefully accepted. These can be forwarded to
 the Nicola Valley Tribal Council, Box 188, Merritt, B.C. V0K 2B0. Please
 note "First Fish Ceremony" on all monetary donations, so receipts can be
 issued.
   2.      Singers, drummers, dancers, speakers.  The organizing committee
 is encouraging representatives from all regions of the province to show
 their support. All interested parties are asked to forward a list of
 people that will be representing their First Nation at the ceremony.

 Some confirmations received to date include:
 Linda Prince and Elders - Carrier-Sekani
 Johnny Johnston and William Alphonse - Secwepemc (Northern Shuswap)
 Fred Fortier - Secwepemc
 Chief Victor York, Chief Louis Paul, Chief Dewey Shackelly, Trudy Jack, Sharon
 and Dave Antoine, Hank Yamoulst, B.C. AFN Vice-Chief Kwaintco (Linda
 Shackelly), Clarence Sheena, Annie Major - Nicola Valley Nlakapamux and
 Okanagan
 Chief Albert Saddleman and Byron Louis - Okanagan
 Moses Louie, Mary Lou Louie, Charlie Horse - Similkameen
 Chief Bucky Ned, Chief Roger Adolph, Sam Adolph, Eddie and Mary Napolean -
 Stlatlimx
 Nathan Spinks, and Chief Alice Monroe - Nlakapamux
 Carl Edgar Jr  and the Port Alberni Drum - Nuu-chah-nulth
 Chief Simon Lucas - Chairman, B.C. Fisheries Commission
 Felix McGregor - Nespelum, Washington
 Betty Walker - Sto:lo, Seabird Island
 Arnie Narcisse, Nicola Watershed Fisheries Stewardship Authority; and Mike
 Baird, Tsawwassen Fisheries Representative -- co-MC's

 For more information, contact:
                 Leona Rabbitt           (604) 378-4814
                 Vivian Narcisse (604) 378-9079
                 Nicola Valley Tribal Council
                 (attn Arnie Narcisse)   (604) 378-4235 (tel)
                                         (604) 378-9119 (fax)
                 Tsawwassen First Nation
                 (attn Mike Baird)       (604) 943-2112 (tel)
                                         (604) 943-9226 (fax)

 --------- "RE: Poem: My Medicine Stick" ---------

 Date: 03 Apr 1996 16:04:22 GMT
 From: JHB4450@utalrg.uta.edu(Joseph Sky Turtle)
 Subj: My Medicine Stick

   UUCP email

 My Medicine Stick

 I held it tight
 As I slept
 And in my dream
 I saw light
 Folding, unfolding,
 Or so it seemed.
 Dance with me
 And my Medicine Stick
 I asked Great Spirit.
 Folds of light
 Took up my Stick
 And we danced
 On a carpet
 Of nothingness.
 And of my guide
 I asked the Light,
 To which he
 Handed it to His right.
 I turned to look,
 And guess who took
 My Medicine Stick
 Into his right hand?
 Star Guide.
 A strange and silent
 Creature sparkling
 In the nothingness.
 Now my Medicine Stick,
 Held by folds of Light,
 Grasped real tight
 By  Star Guide,
 Is more powerful
 Than when I fell asleep.

 JST

 --------- "RE: Verse: Hawai'ian Book of Days" ---------

 Date: 96/05/09        00:24
 From: Debra F. Sanders (dfsanders@genie.geis.com)
 Subj: Verse: Hawai'ian Book of Days

   genie email

   A HAWAIIAN BOOK OF DAYS, week of May 19-25

                               MEI
                               (May)
                             (Ikiiki)
                                19
 The setting sun flashes briefly green upon the surface of the ocean.
                                20
 The islands rise up from the ocean floor to greet the sky!
                                21
 The wind and the rain join together to create life.
                                22
 Life always reveals new possibilities.
                                23
 Feast upon the riches of the land.
                                24
 Follow the paths of the stars, and you will never be lost.
                                25
 When the wind has come full circle 'round the earth, it returns to the
 place of its beginning.

                (c) Copyright 1991 by D. F. Sanders
          Me ke aloha i ka nani, ...  Moe'uhanekeanuenue
             (With love and beauty, ... Rainbow Dream)

 --------- "RE: Conferences and Powwows - offline" ---------

 Date: Thu, 16 May 96 08:00 -0500
 From: Janet Smith (Evening Star) (jans@genie.com)
 Subj: Upcoming conferences and powwows not previously posted
       to Mailing Lists NATCHAT or NATIVE-L

   genie email

 Date: Sun, 5 May 1996 18:33:50 GMT
 From: yona@infi.net (Rabiah Vincent)
 Subj: North American Iroquois veterans pow wow
 Newsgroups:  apc.indig.info,soc.culture.native,alt.native

 north american iroquois veterans association will be hosting their
 fourth annual pow-wow july 20th & 21st at veterans park in salamahca
 new york..seneca nation..
 for more information or vendors applications please contact:
   hal."jack" johnson 716-283-0084
   barb. hemlock 716-337-3714
   burt anderson 905-871-9356
   snail mail address:
   n.a.i.v.a.
   p.o. box 273
   lasalle station
   niagra falls, new york 14304
 this is a great pow wow....
          rabiah vincent
          yona@infi.net
 remember the next seven generations...we are responsible for our
 childrens,childrens, children...
 --------------------------------------------
 Date: Wed, 8 May 1996 10:53:28 CST
 From: "dborn@maroon.tc.umn.edu" <dborn@MAROON.TC.UMN.EDU>
 Subj: Lakewood CC Pow Wow Exhibition
 Mailing List:    Minnesota Indian Affairs <MINN-IND@vm1.spcs.umn.edu>

 Please take note of Phi Theta Kappa's upcoming Pow Wow.
   The Pow Wow will take place on May 31st from 11:00am to
 9:00pm and on June 1st from 9:00am to 9:00pm at
 Lakewood Community College.  3401 Century Avenue N,
 White Bear Lake.
   American Indian arts and crafts will be exhibited and sold.
 There will also be dancers and storytellers performing on
 both days.  Food service will also be available.
 Admission is $1 for non-students and free for any student.
 Raffles will be held on both days.
   Proceeds from the event will help establish a new
 scholarship at Lakewood for American Indian students.
 Thank you for any help you can provide in spreading the word
 about this event.  If you have any further questions please
 call the Phi Theta Kappa office at Lakewood (779-3333) or
 contact Lynnette Shaw (487-2435).
 ------------------------------------
 Date: Thu, 9 May 1996 08:16:49 -0500
 From: "David O. Born" <dborn@MAROON.TC.UMN.EDU>
 Subj: Indian Month Activities
 Mailing List:    Minnesota Indian Affairs <MINN-IND@vm1.spcs.umn.edu>

 Here is a list of a few of the activities still coming for the Twin Cities
 area during Indian month.  If you know of other events, please post them.
 The phone numbers listed are contacts for exact locations and times.
 May 17th - Cultural Diversity Seminar ($195) w/ Lee Antell Mystic Lake
     297-5817
 May 17th - Ind. Family Services & Elders Open House 348-5788
 And still more to come when I get time to post them.....

 "Sane people are all the same.  Crazy people are crazy in their own special 
way.
  "    Gestur Davidson, in a paraphrase of Tolstoy

 David O. Born, Ph.D.
 Chair, Department of American Indian Studies
 102 Scott Hall
 University of Minnesota
 Minneapolis, MN 55455
 612-624-2556 or 625-9438
 Fax: 624-3858
 e-mail:   dborn@maroon.tc.umn.edu
 ---------------------------------------------
 From: sahtu@aol.com (Sahtu)
 Newsgroups: soc.culture.native
 Subj: AIM Sovereign Nation Powwow
 Date: 14 May 1996 06:55:37 -0400

 Sovereign Nation Powwow
 Presented by: American Indian Movement
   Sat. June 1, 1996; 1pm - 11pm
   Sun. June 2, 1996; 1pm - 5pm
 Riverview Middle School
 205 Pacifica Avenue
 Pittsburgh CA
   For Vendor Booth or Info Call:
   Carole/Darrell Standing Elk (510) 609-8517
 -------------------------------------
 Newsgroups: soc.culture.native
 Subj: SJSU Red Earth Day Celebration
 Date: 14 May 1996 06:55:23 -0400

 Red Earth Day Celebration - SJSU
 Sponsored by AISES (SJSU Chapter) et al
   Wednesday, May 15, 1996
   Noon - 2 pm
 Student Union Amphitheatre
 San Jose State University
   Pima & Anecita Agustinez
   Navajo prayer and poem
   Swift Cloud - Lakota Drummers
   Billy Labeau, Gilbert Rocha, George Garcia, Ken Curley, Farol Phelps
   Calvin Fastwolf - Author
 For information call: (408) 924-2735
 ----------------------------------------
 From: sahtu@aol.com (Sahtu)
 Newsgroups: soc.culture.native
 Subj: UCSC Powwow 5/18-19
 Date: 14 May 1996 06:55:35 -0400

 UCSC Powwow
   May 18 - 19, 1996
   University of California, Santa Cruz
   Santa Cruz, CA
 NO DRUGS
 NO ALCOHOL
 Host Northern: Blackbull Jr.
 Host Southern: The Hales
 Host Local: 3 Rivers Lodge
 Head Man: Jonathan Windy Boy
 Head Woman: Elaine Snow
 Arena Blessing: Grandpa Whitecloud
 Arena Director: Alvin Windy Boy
 M.C.: Michael Edmonds
 Gourd Dancer: Phil Collins
   For more info call:
   Anndie Oandasan (408) 459-2296
   Dina Toya           (408) 469-3111
   SANAI Office      (408) 459-3494
 ------------------------------------------
 From: "KING,JOHN"  <john.king@draco.dhs.state.tx.us>
 Subject:  WORLD INDIGENOUS YOUTH CONF.

 Hello,

      My name is Troy Storfjell, and I am writing you from the town
 of Tromso in northern Norway.  I have recently become involved with
 the planning of the 4th World Indigenous Youth Conference which is
 being hosted by the Saami people.
      The Saami are the indigenous inhabitants of Fenno-Scandinavia
 and the Kola Penninsula in Russia.  Today our land, Sapmi, is
 divided by the borders of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia.  Yet
 we are one people, and have struggled to maintain our unity, as
 well as are cultural heritage, our language and our traditional way
 of life.  In this struggle we have developed contacts with other
 indigenous peoples around the world which have benefited us
 greatly.
      Participation in the World Council of Indigenous Peoples has
 not only given us political strength. We have also learned from the
 experiences of others and drawn spiritual strength from the
 comradery that has developed.  So when the Cree Nation hosted the
 1st World Indigenous Youth Conference in Quebec in 1992, we were
 happy to attend.  The second Conference was hosted by the
 Aboriginal peoples of Australia, and the 3rd by the Shuar Nation in
 Ecuador.
      Now it is our turn.  The 4th Conference will be held this
 summer in Bijje Spidtje (Vedalen in Swedish) in Sweden, from the
 13th to the 20th of June.  Delegates from around the world will
 gather to discuss important issues facing indigenous youth, meet
 and get to know each other, and develop strategies for the future.
      I realize that this is rather late notice.  Actually, the word
 has been out for some time, but apparently only to a limited
 degree.  So I have taken the liberty of exploring the internet for
 addresses of prospective participants and/or people who seem likely
 to have contacts in various indigenous communities and who could
 pass the invitation along.
      The conference is specifically for indigenous youth between
 the ages of 14 and 35.  Others, however, are welcome to attend in
 an observer status.  We encourage delegates to bring with them
 cultural craftworks, musical instruments, artworks, and just about
 anything they can think of.  We also welcome initiative  from
 delegates on ideas for presentations or other arrangements.
      Rather than going into extensive detail on the nature of the
 Conference, I will refer you to the Conference's home page.  It can
 be found at:  http://www.itv.se/boreale/wiyceng.htm  For those
 without internet access, or those who want more information,  the
 official e-mail address for the Conference is:
 4wiyc@mbox200.swipnet.se  You can also request a faxed information
 brochure through this address. I realize that if you haven't heard
 about the Conference before now, it may be a little difficult to
 come.  However, I would encourage you to try.  In addition to any
 funds you may be able to obtain from your own nation or
 community, we have several people employed here seeking funds to
 assist delegates.  Above all, I ask that you pass this information
 on, and quickly.  I hope we can have representation from as many
 different peoples as possible.
   Thank you, and Ealat dearvan! (Live well!)
   Troy
 Troy Storfjell     troy@isl.uit.no
 ----------------------------------------------------
 From: gwild19@idt.vivid.net (GailWild)
 Newsgroups: alt.native
 Subj: Planning Ahead
 Date: Wed, 15 May 1996 02:31:59 GMT

   Planning Ahead...  Updates on the 7th Annual Running Water Pow Wow on
 the Labor Day Weekend.  Rome, Georgia.
   What are your plans AFTER the Olympics?  The Native American
 Preservation Association of Georgia is having our Cherokee Homecoming,
 & Ripe Corn Festival, which we've named the Running Water Pow Wow
 because it's situated on the banks of the Oostanaula River.  This
 year, we've added a tee pee competition!
   We are proud and honored to have Richard D. Bird (Cherokee) as our
 M.C. again this year.  (I am not a officer of NAPA, so I couldn't vote
 for the M.C. but I lobbied hard for Mr. Bird to be offered the
 position.)  Mr. Bird's presence as M.C. greatly enhances the quality
 of a pow wow for the following reason:
   He's very good at what he does, he's dependable, and he's always
 there when you need him -- you don't have to hunt him down.
 The following kewl people are also participating...
   Headlady Dancer is Laretta F. Weaver (Mowa Choctaw/Cherokee)
   Host Drum is Blue Earth (Cherokee)
   Southeast Indian Culture is Jack Boedeker (Cherokee descent)
   Color Guard is the Native American Warrior Society
   Musical Entertainment is provided by Sara Bird.
   Headman Dancer is to be announced.
   The Arena Director and Story Teller are to be announced.  The usual
 guys are coming, but they want to dance this year, so we may have to
 get new ones!  (Thats OK, they are wonderful dancers, too)
   More information:
   Frank Blair (706) 232-1714
   Virgil Shepherd  (706) 777-1710
 ----------------------------------------------------
 Date: Wed, 15 May 1996 02:12:43 -0600
 From: Marcellus Antonio Proctor <maproct@wam.umd.edu>
 Subj: Native American Pow Wow in Maryland
 Mailing List:    AISESnet Discussion List (aisesnet@victor.umt.edu)

     American Indian Cultural Center
        Cedar Road & Country Lane
               14th Annual
          Native American Indian
            Pow-Wow & Festival
       June 1, 1996 (Noon to 6 pm)
       June 2, 1996 (Noon to 5 pm)
          Head Drum: Rocky Park
  Head Male Dancer: Wayahstj Richardson
         Head Female Dancer: TBA

            SPECIAL ATTRACTION
        AZTEC Dancers from MEXICO
                ADMISSION
               Adults    $5
             Children 7-12 $3
             6 & under   FREE
            Bring a Lawn Chair
              Sponsored by:
           The Maryland Indian
          Heritage Society, Inc.
         For further information
               (301) 372-1932

 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 --//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--
 Notice of Copyright Clearance by Contributors:
 The following have granted permission for their original articles to
 be reposted in order to help mend the Sacred Hoop:
 Eric Brunner(CORRECTION to Cherokee Observer forward), Freddie Blue Fox,
 Joseph Sky Turtle, Janet Smith, Debra F. Sanders, Brooke Craig, Wanbli Sapa,
 Ann Stewart, Gerald Green, Feather Eaglerock, Larry Innes, Harold P. Koehler,
 John Teller, Menominee Tribal Chairman via Alice McCombs(embedded request),
 Phillip Manuel, Tiffany Brownwood, Chief Peter Guanikeyu Torres
 --//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--//--

  ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
   ~ Part B of this newsletter (not included) has already been distributed
     via the NATIVE-L or NATCHAT mailing lists.

 --------- "RE: Conferences and Powwows - online" ---------

 Date: Thu, 16 May 96 08:00 -0500
 From: Janet Smith (Evening Star) (jans@genie.com)
 Subj: Upcoming conferences and powwows already posted
       to Mailing Lists NATCHAT or NATIVE-L

   genie email

 From: tryond@watmail.ucr.edu (Damian Tryon)
 Subj: 15th Medicine Ways Conference and Pow Wow (24-25 May, Riverside,
 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

 University of California, Riverside
 15th ANNUAL MEDICINE WAYS CONFERENCE and POW WOW
 Gourd Dance

 "Returning to our Traditional Medicine Ways"

   Pow Wow: May 24 (Friday) & 25 (Saturday)
            Specials on Fri. only - Contest on Sat.

   Conference: May 25 (Saturday)
               9 am to 5pm

 Conference Speakers:
   Russell Means (Lakota), Keynote
   Dr. David Lucero (Diegueno), Today's and Traditional Technology in
     Medicine
   David Swallow (Lakota), Spiritual Leader
   Katherine Saubel (Cahuilla), 1995 American Indian Woman of the Year,
     Tradition - California Indian
   Chairman Anthony Pico (Kumeyaay), Viejas Indian Reservation/ Gaming/
     Tribal Sovereignty
   Joe Contreras (Tachi Yokut), Chair of California Indian Youth Leadership
     Council
   Cahuilla Margaret Red Elk (Sioux/Cahuilla), Repatriation and Medicine
   Luke Madrigal (Cahuilla), Assistant Director of ICFS, Origins of Medicine
     Ways conference/ICWA
   Professor Clifford Trafzer (Wyandot), Ethnic Studies professor, UCR
   Karlene Vernaci (Luiseno/Miwok), UC American Indian Counselors/Recruiters
     Association
   Charley Hill (Oneida), Comedian
 Pow Wow Staff:
   Host Northern Drum: Mountain Hawk, Matt Moreno (Tarahumara)
   Southern Head Drum: Sooner Nation, Steve Bohay (Kiowa)
   MC: Pete Many Horses (Juaneno)
   Arena Director: Bob Rivera (Chumash)
   Head Man Dancer: Apesanahskwat (Menominee)
   Head Woman Dancer: Adela Kolb (Luiseno)
   Head Gourd Dancer: Darren Henson (Cherokee)
        +-------------------------------+
        |   PEON GAMES * BIRD SINGERS   |
        |  BASKET WEAVING DEMONSTRATION |
        +-------------------------------+
 Directions:  Take the 60 freeway towards Riverside.  In Riverside, take the
 University exit.  Turn left...you will see signs directing you to both the
 conference and the pow wow.  Hope to see you.
   Absolutely no drugs or alcohol.
 Not responsible for theft, loss, accident injury, or personal expense.
   For more information and vendors call: (909) 787-4143 or return e-mail to
 tryond@watmail.ucr.edu
  --------------------------
 Co-sponsored by the Native American Student Association, UCR American
 Indian Science & Engineering Society, and UCR American Indian Alumni
 Association
 -------------------------------------
 Date: Wed, 8 May 1996 15:37:22 CST
 From: airpi@tc.umn.edu (American Indian Research & Policy Inst.)
 Subj: AIRPI Spring Forum (Minneapolis, 30-31 May)
 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

 Please forward this announcement to anyone interested. Thank you.
                      The Threatened State of Tribal Sovereignty
                              a forum presented by the
                     American Indian Research and Policy Institute
 A collective voice from American Indians is needed in response to recent
 threats to tribal sovereignty by the courts, state governments and the U.S.
 Congress.  This forum provides an opportunity to address the pressing
 issues of block grants, court decisions, devolution of federal trust
 responsibilities, taxation of tribal lands, intrusive actions by state
 governments and a hostile Congress.

 WHEN:  May 30 - 5:30 p.m. - 8:00 p.m.
        May 31 - 8:30 a.m. - 4:00 p.m.
 WHERE:  Regal Minneapolis Hotel
         1313 Nicollet Ave.
         800-522-8856 (for sleeping room reservations)
 Park in the Minneapolis Convention Center Ramp and take the skyway to the
 Regal Hotel. Enter ramp off Second Avenue South at 12th Street.
 Thursday, May 30, 1996
 5:30 p.m.   Welcome. Speaker: Marge Anderson, Tribal Chair of the Milles
             Lacs Band of Ojibwe
 6:30 P.M.   Dinner
 7:30 p.m.   Open Forum. Roger Jourdain.
 Friday, May 31, 1996
 8:30 a.m.   Registration
 9:00 a.m.   Welcome Remarks
             John Poupart, President of the American Indian Research and
             Policy Institute
 9:15 a.m.   Invocation
 9:30 a.m.   Breakout Session
             - Federal/Tribal Relations, The Trust Responsibility
               Bobby Whitefeather, Chairman of the Red Lake Tribe
             - Recent Court Decisions Affecting Indian Tribes
               Lenor Scheffler, Attorney
               Audrey Cavender, Attorney
             - Tribal-State Relations
               Norman Deschampe, Chairman of the Grand Portage Tribe
             - The Unfriendly Congress
               Tadd Johnson, Attorney
 12:00 p.m.  Luncheon
             Speaker:  Peterson Zah, Former Chairman of the Navajo Nation
 1:30 p.m.   Break-out Session Reports
 4:15 p.m.   Closing Remarks
 REGISTRATION:
 $10.00 before May 15, 1996.  $15.00 at the door.  Registration MUST BE
 RECEIVED BY MAY 15 if you would like meals on Thursday and Friday.
 Fee includes conference, dinner on Thursday evening, continental breakfast
 and lunch on Friday, and a summary report mailed to you after the forum.
   For more information, call (612) 644-1728
 Mail registration and conference fee to:
 The American Indian Research and Policy Institute
 749 Simpson Street
 St. Paul, MN  55104
 Please include in your request:
 Name, Organization, Mailing address, Phone.
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 American Indian Research & Policy Institute      airpi@gold.tc.umn.edu
 in association with Hamline School of Law        voice    612-644-1728
 749 Simpson Street                               fax      612-644-0740
 Saint Paul, Minnesota  55104

 --------- "RE: Action Alert: Enola Hill" ---------

 Date: Thu, 9 May 1996 11:44:42 -0700
 From: tbrown@calvin.linfield.edu (Tiffany Brownwood)
 Subj: Enola Hill - ACTION ALERT!

 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

   On Tuesday morning 200 hundred people gathered at the base of Enola Hill
 to raise their voices for the Sacred land and trees.  At 8:00 a.m. 50
 individuals crossed the closure line and walked toward the sounds of
 screaming saws and falling timber.
   The individuals walked through what used to be a majestic forest and now
 reduced to a clear-cut. Healthy trees lay strewn across the land
 disrupting the peaceful flow of the earth.
   By 10:00 a.m. the forest service, sheriff's department, and swat team
 surrounded two groups of individuals protesting this travesty.  They were
 handcuffed and threatened, but they refused to leave. So they were hauled
 off the hill on stretchers.
   Their actions stopped the logging for an entire day.  For one day the
 trees and land were safe.
   Thirty-six people were arrested and thrown in jail.
   On their release form from jail it states that they are not to have
 contact with the victims of the crime, the logging co., isn't it ironic
 that it is truly us, the trees and the land, that are the victims.
   The fight will continue until the saws stop their killing.

 --------- "RE: Innu Nation Task Force Report" ---------

 Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 14:50:54 -0300
 From: Larry Innes <es051322@Orion.YorkU.CA>
 Subj: Innu Nation Task Force Report on Mining

 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

 The Innu Nation Task Force on Mining Activities
 ===============================================
   The Innu used to call the place Kauipuskats Shipish (Burning Spot Brook)
 where the drill sites are at Voisey's Bay.  I used to stay there in the
 fall.  Then there was a fellow used to stay there - Amos Voisey, a fur
 trader.  That's when we started to call the place Emish.  I see the beauty
 of the land.  The only thing I'm worried about is the animals and rivers
 and I don't want to see a lot of hectares of land destroyed. I know there
 are some graveyards north of the drilling sites. It seems like the
 government has stolen our land.  I began to realize the change in our way
 of life is the midst of poverty.  - Tshenish Pasteen, Davis Inlet elder

   Bombarded by a bonanza of mining activities on its territory, the Innu
 Nation decided to set up a Task Force on Mining Activities in November
 1995.  Six commissioners were appointed from both Davis Inlet and
 Sheshatshiu and mandated to provide information on mining issues to the two
 communities and to gather public opinion on how to respond to mining
 developments in Nitassinan.  Through interviews, questionnaires, bilingual
 newsletters, workshops, and open-line community radio and TV programs, the
 Task Force disseminated information and gathered voices.  The results are
 documented in a report, NTESINAN, NTESHINIMINAN, NTENIUNAN: Between a Rock
 and a Hard Place, a collage of opinions and analysis on the proposed nickel
 mine at Voisey's Bay and other mineral exploration activities.
   According to the report, the Innu expect to pay the highest price and
 gain the least from mining developments.  Most Innu are opposed to a mine
 at Voisey's Bay or on other land they have never ceded through a treaty or
 land rights agreement.  The report outlines extensive traditional and
 ongoing Innu land use at Emish.  They have for generations grown up, had
 children and buried loved ones there.  They have traded, gathered and
 shared with Inuit people, and continue to hunt and fish there.  The report
 provides a scathing indictment of how governments and industry persist in
 ignoring and violating Innu rights.
   The report also defines Innu concerns regarding anticipated environmental
 and socio-economic impacts from a mine at Emish.  They expect the land in
 the area will be destroyed and fear the impacts of pollution from tailings
 and acid mine drainage.  Wildlife will be harmed or driven away and Innu
 will lose this hunting territory.  Many respondents are worried that Sacred
 burial grounds and archaeological sites will be disturbed.
   Jobs were mentioned most frequently as a potential benefit for the Innu,
 but many Task Force participants thought only a few labour jobs would be
 available to the Innu and the well-paying long-term jobs would go to
 outsiders.  Respondents also expected a rise in social problems including
 an increase in alcoholism and related problems such as family violence,
 child neglect, suicide, crime, racism and community conflict.  Ongoing
 disintegration of Innu culture was also cited as a major problem.
   Finally, the Task Force prepared 24 recommendations for the Innu Nation,
 industry  and governments.  These include a recommendation for the Innu
 Nation to enter into negotiations for an Impact Benefit Agreement (IBA)
 with the Voisey Bay Nickel Company, but with extreme caution given the
 level of opposition and concern within its communities.  The Task Force
 recommends that IBA negotiations be completed and land rights settled
 before a mine is developed.  Protests, media campaigns and legal action are
 also recommended as viable strategies if negotiations don't result in
 substantial benefits for the Innu.  Other recommendations address the need
 for the company to go beyond government regulations for environmental
 protection, the need for training and support programs to assist Innu in
 obtaining and retaining jobs and the urgent need to develop programs to
 mitigate against social problems.
   Anger permeates the Task Force report.  While the Davis Inlet Innu continue
 to live in poverty without basic amenities such as potable water, millions
 of dollars pour into nearby Voisey's Bay for explorations work and further
 billions are being generated for faraway shareholders who have never laid
 eyes on the place.  Companies meet behind closed doors to weigh the profits
 and financial risks, but in their gold rush fever do they weigh the risks
 faced by the First Peoples of the land they wish to exploit?
   For copies of Between a Rock and A Hard Place, contact the Innu Nation,
 P.O. Box 119, Sheshatshiu, Labrador, A0P 1M0, CANADA.   Tel: (709) 497-8399
 or Fax: (709) 497-8396.

 Larry Innes                              Visit the Innu Nation WWW site:
 Environmental Advisor                       http://www.web.apc.org/~innu
 Innu Nation
 P.O. Box 119, Sheshatshiu, Labrador, Canada A0P 1M0
 phone: (709) 497-8398     es051322@orion.yorku.ca    fax: (709) 497-8396
 \/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=\/=

 --------- "RE: A Warrior's Story" ---------

 Date: Thu, 9 May 1996 12:44:05 -0500
 From: eaglerok@northernnet.com (feather eaglerock)
 Subj: A Warrior's Story

 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)
 [Editorial note: It is with humble and thankful heart I redistribute this
                  very personal response, with permission from Grandmother
                  Eaglerock and Grandfather Bernard.  I am honored they
                  grant me permission to share these words with you.]
                  - gary Night Owl

 O'siyo from this Tsalagi gramma in Anishnaabe country,
   This is in response to the many people who have e-mailed their moral and
 spiritual support to my husband, Bernard, for speaking up and out about
 the traditional ways of our people and the reality of our people today.  I
 thank you all.
   My husband was born and raised in Ponsford, Minnesota on the White Earth
 Reservation.  He is the grandson of Wolf Rock and a direct descendent of
 Chief May-Dway-Aush, who the white men called Flatmouth.  He lived for a
 period of time with his maternal great-grandfather Ahn-Da-Bi-Tung in
 Bravik, Minnesota.
   He was educated in the catholic mission school in Ponsford where he was
 punished many times for speaking his first language, Ojibwe.  He and his
 first wife, Geraldine Stone, did not teach their children to speak Ojibwe,
 because they did not want them to suffer in the school as they had.
   My husband is a combat veteran who served two tours of duty in Korea.
 During those two tours he was wounded 5 times in hand-to-hand combat and
 by mortar fire. He and Pete Spotted Wolf of the Sioux Nation were M.I.A.
 (missing in action) surrounded by enemy soldiers they hid in a cave for
 two weeks where they both froze their feet.
   In November of 1951, on the day after Thanksgiving, a mortar exploded
 over the bunker he was sleeping in, causing the tons of rock and dirt over
 him to cave in, crushing his face. After being in a coma for months he had
 to be taught to talk again, in English.
   He served his country proudly and although, he was discharged with a
 disability rating due to his combat wounds, he was not awarded purple
 heart citations from the United States government until 35 years later.
 He has never received credit from the U.S. government for single handedly
 capturing an enemy platoon.  He was evacuated after getting the end of his
 thumb shot off, taking a rifle away from an enemy soldier in hand-to-hand
 combat.  The powers that be assumed that when comrades stated that 'Rock
 captured the platoon,' they were referring to a South Korean soldier who
 were called 'R.O.K.'  This is the same reason that the purple heart
 citations came 35 years late.
   My husband suffers from post traumatic stress disorder from his combat
 experiences.  He is haunted by the spirits of the warriors: the North
 Koreans that he killed in combat and the comrades who died fighting beside
 him in the battlefields. For many years he drank alcohol to keep the
 nightmares away.  When he quit drinking over ten years ago, the nightmares
 returned.  In 1991 he graduated from the first all Native American P.T.S.D.
 treatment program at American Lake Vets Hospital in Tacoma, Washington.
 three years ago he completed veterans service officer training.  He does
 outreach and advocacy for Native American veterans suffering from war
 traumas, helping them and their families understand P.T.S.D. and to apply
 for the benefits and assistance that they are entitled to.  He does not
 receive any pay to do this. This is how he honors the memory of the
 warriors who did not return from the battlefields.
   Bernard is enrolled on his mother's side in the Leech Lake Pillager Band.
  When we moved to the Leech Lake Reservation four years ago, we were
 viewed as outsiders by many of the people who were raised here all their
 lives.  This is one of the most damaging of the legacies of the American
 Holocaust and the politics of U.S. Federal Indian policy, the divisions
 and separations between our own peoples.
   Between us, Bernard and I have 33 grandchildren and 4 great-
 grandchildren;  and although the domineering culture tries to define and
 categorize our family, we are family.  We are not blended; there are no
 half children (all our children are whole); and we never 'step' on or over
 any of our children... we are family.   Geraldine Stone Rock has passed on
 to the Spirit World and I am the only Gramma Rock many of these children
 will know.  As grandparents we watch over the 'education' of the children..
 . our grandchildren, our nieces and nephews, all the children in our
 community... because that _is_ our job.
   Our family has been through much for many generations.  We cannot go
 back and change the hurts of the past, but through our grandchildren we
 can heal by making life better for them.  We believe that better life can
 be secured by honoring the struggle and the strength of our ancestors and
 returning to their traditional values and priorities.
   Our ancestors were resourceful and creative peoples.  They made the most
 of what was available to them.  They adapted to their environments in a
 way that was good for the People and respectful to the gifts of the
 creator.  This is how we view cyberspace and we chuckle at the mysterious
 coincidence that this tool of communication is available through an
 invisible entity called a world wide web.
   It is not our intention to offend anyone and we apologize to those who
 take offense at any of our words.  And to you non-Native people who truly
 are empathetic and concerned about our people, we need to say, that
 sometimes the best support that you can give us is to stand back quietly
 and let our voice be heard.
   I thank you for listening to this Gramma.
   Feather Eaglerock, Leech Lake Rez

 english is a foreign language.  reclaim the language of your people and
 send it to the future as your gift to your grandchildren's grandchildren.
 di-ka-ne'-tsv a'-qua-tse'-li ha-htv-gi, wa-do' do-da-da-go'-hv

 --------- "RE: Breeds or Half-breeds" ---------

 Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 09:03:01 -0700
 From: torresp@algorithms.com (Peter Guanikeyu Torres)
 Subj: "breeds" or "half-breeds"

 Mailing List:    NATCHAT (natchat@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

 Tau, Hello,

 keohane@leland.stanford.edu (Jeff Keohane) writes:
 > I would concur with the poster who pointed out that it is an extreme
 > exaggeration to say that Indians had or did not have a word for so-called
 > mixed-blood people.  My father taught me that blood quantum was a crude
 > non-indian concept (he probably should have said non-Apache).  Later he
 > told me that it had nothing to do with who belonged to our nation, but
 > rather with the government's definition of tribal membership.  Around 200
 > years ago in our family's history there was a Spanish soldier--his
 > children were not half Indian, they were Indian, period.  Yet he never
 > said that we were in any way Spanish.

   Hmmm...I do understand why? So much importance is given to the mixing of
 Native American blood. I have heard many times people talking about
 half-breeds.  Have you ever heard a white person ask another white person,
 "How much white blood do you have?" The importance of blood amount, in my
 opinion, seems to be something that white people dwell upon and give so much
 importance. I can recall in my 45 years of life, a white man asked me,
 "Are you an American Indian? What tribe are you from?" I responded with,
 "No, I am not an American Indian. I am a Native American! I am of the
 Taino Nation and of the Lakota Sioux People." " Oh, Are you a full blooded
 American Indian?" This foolish kind of thinking is nothing but a social
 tool used to divide the Native families.  I do know that before the
 coming of the Colon (Columbus) Native People never had these values.  The
 white man gave them this disease of blood amounts.  I do understand that
 we have a problem with Wantobees that do not share our native blood. This
 is not our problem as Natives. As we Taino's say "Aya Cabo Guarocoel" (We
 remember "Aya" was our Grandfather).
   Getting back on track of the blood
 issue. We Indigenous people are what we were born to be upon this, our
 Turtle Island. We are the keeper or landlord of our Island homeland.
 Maybe this is what seems to spark the flame of importance of being a Full
 blood or a Half-Breed to the white system of values. What is in question
 here is, the right of being the original landlords of Turtle Island? As we
 did not migrate here, and as the Creator did place us upon the back of our
 beloved Caguana (Mother Earth-Turtle). The white system, seems to want
 challenge our rights, by questioning our Native American blood! What we
 must keep in mind is, that when the Guamikena (The Covered people) first
 came here, they came bringing the value of ownership of properties.  They
 wanted our land so they took it!  We Taino's know that the Caguana (Mother
 Earth-Turtle) was shared, and belonged by inheritance, to all our extended
 family members.  I would like to end all this foolish, useless talk of white
 blood values with a small note to all my relatives, in my Taino
 language, that was know 3000 years ago.  It was told to Fray Bartolomeo de
 las Casas in 1493 by our Elders.  Bartolomeo asked, "From were do your People
 descend?" Response from our smiling Taino Aracoel (Grandfather),  "A y a
 C a b o  G u a r o c o e l" (W e  r e m e m b e r  "A y a"  w a s  o u r
 G r a n d f a t h e r).
 Chief Peter Guanikeyu Torres,
 The Taino Indigenous Nation of the Caribbean & Florida.

 --------- "RE: Hollywood Stars Blast Clearcuts" ---------

 Date: Mon, 13 May 1996 10:59:44 +0100
 From: ranmedia@ran.org (Mark Westlund)
 Subj: Hollywood Stars Blast Clearcuts

 Mailing List:    NATIVE-L (native-l@gnosys.svle.ma.us)

 For immediate release: May 13, 1996
 Contact: Mark Westlund, ranmedia@ran.org; Tamar Hurwitz, ranla@ran.org

 HOLLYWOOD SUPERSTARS DENOUNCE B.C. CLEARCUTS IN NEW YORK TIMES AD
   Some of the biggest names in Hollywood have signed on to support Clayoquot
 Rainforest Coalitions campaign to save British Columbias temperate
 rainforests from clearcutting. In a full-page ad in the West Coast edition
 of todays New York Times monday, May 13film makers and environmental
 groups urge B.C. lawmakers to take real measures to end forest
 destruction. The ad is timed to correspond with B.C. elections. Annually,
 major Hollywood studios spend over $400 million in B.C. while filming on
 location in the province.
   The following actors, producers, and directors have signed on to the ad:
 Ed Asner, Ed Begley Jr., Tom Cruise, Ted Danson, Dana Delany, Laura Dern,
 Richard Donner, Lauren Shuler Donner, Ted Field, Matt Frewer, R.W.
 Goodwin, Daryl Hannah, Woody Harrelson, Lisa Henson, Paul Jackson,
 Kathleen Kennedy, Nicole Kidman, Ali McGraw, Frank Marshall, Penny
 Marshall, Mike Medavoy, Donna Mills, Robert Redford, Rob Reiner, Tim
 Robbins, Alex Rose, Steven Seagal, Martin Sheen, Mary Steenbergen, Oliver
 Stone, Barbra Streisand, Harvey Weinstein, Paula Weinstein, Barbara
 Williams, Lili Fini Zanuck, and Richard D. Zanuck.
   Whats going on in the rainforests of British Columbia is a travesty of
 nature, says director Oliver Stone.  Every minute, another acre of
 forest is cut down.  I personally have become involved with this issue
 because it outrages me to see thousand year old trees decimated for
 newspapers and disposable Yellow Pages.
   B.C.s natural crown jewel, Clayoquot Sound, has been at the center of an
 international controversy over the past few years. As of last year,
 logging in Clayoquot Sound is supposed to adhere to recommendations by a
 B.C. government-appointed science panel, including reductions in the size
 of clearcuts. However, the most important parts of Clayoquot Sound, its
 pristine rainforest valleys, are still slated for logging and clearcutting
 continues, inflicting extensive damage on the delicate rainforest
 ecosystem. The partial protection applies only to Clayoquot Sound, which
 comprises .1 per cent of B.C.s total forests. The rest of B.C.s forests
 enjoy no authentic protection at all.
   The Hollywood celebrities outline concrete measures which British Columbia
 lawmakers could undertake to address the destruction of these great
 forests which are among the last remaining natural forests anywhere in the
 world. These include protection for Clayoquot Sounds pristine areas,
 drastically reducing the rate of logging in B.C. and dramatically
 increasing the percentage of rainforest protected.
   The Clayoquot Rainforest Coalition, which includes Rainforest Action
 Network, Greenpeace, Natural Resources Defense Council, Coalition for
 Forests, Pacific Environment and Resource Center, and Friends of Clayoquot
 Sound, has been working to protect the ancient rainforests of Clayoquot
 Sound on Vancouver Island, and throughout British Columbia.